Reading  ·  one hundred and twelve gateways

Vijñānabhairava

A dialogue between Bhairavī and Bhairava on the nature of non-dual reality — containing one hundred and twelve dhāraṇās, meditative techniques.


The first dhāraṇās

VB 24  ·  dhāraṇā 1
ūrdhve prāṇo hy adho jīvo  visargātmā paroccaret utpattidvitayasthāne  bharaṇād bharitā sthitiḥ
Above (ūrdhve) the out-breath (prāṇaḥ), below (adhaḥ) the life-breath (jīvaḥ) — of the nature of visarga (visargātmā) — rises in utterance (paroccaret). At the place of the twofold origin (utpatti-dvitaya-sthāne), through being filled (bharaṇāt), is the state of plenitude (bharitā sthitiḥ).
Vocabulary
  • ūrdhvaadj. loc.sg -e
    “upward, above, high” — here adverbially
  • prāṇam. nom.sg -aḥ
    “out-breath, the upward-moving breath” — pra + √an
  • adhaḥadverb
    “downward, below”
  • jīvam. nom.sg -aḥ
    “life-breath, the downward-moving breath” — √jīv “to live”
  • visargātmanbahuvrīhi adj. nom.sg -ā
    “having visarga as [its] self” — visarga (emission; also the letter ḥ) + ātman
  • paroccaretverb 3 sg opt. para. of par + ud + √car
    “it should rise forth, utter upward” — optative
  • utpatti-dvitaya-sthānan. loc.sg -e
    “at the place of the twofold origin” — tatpuruṣa: utpatti (origin) + dvitaya (twofold) + sthāna (place)
  • bharaṇan. abl.sg -āt
    “filling, being filled” — √bhṛ + nominal suffix
  • bharitaadj. fem. nom.sg -ā
    “filled, plenary” — pp of √bhṛ
  • sthitif. nom.sg -iḥ
    “standing, state, condition” — √sthā
The first technique: attention to the two breath-centres, upper and lower, where exhalation and inhalation arise. Bharitā sthitiḥ, “the state of plenitude”, is the goal.
VB 25  ·  dhāraṇā 2
marutor antarbahir vā  viyadyugmānivartanāt bhairavyā bhairavasyettham  bhairavi vyajyate vapuḥ
When the two breaths (marutoḥ) [come to rest], whether within or without (antar-bahiḥ vā), by the non-returning (anivartanāt) into the pair of voids (viyad-yugma) — thus (ittham), O Bhairavī (bhairavi), is the form (vapuḥ) of Bhairava (bhairavasya) manifested (vyajyate) by Bhairavī (bhairavyā).
Vocabulary
  • marutm. gen.du marutoḥ
    “wind, breath” — here specifically the two breaths (in/out)
  • antar-bahiḥadverb
    “within and without, inside-outside”
  • viyad-yugman. stem
    “pair of voids” — viyat (sky, void) + yugma (pair)
  • anivartanan. abl.sg -āt
    “non-returning, non-reversal” — a- + ni + √vṛt
  • bhairavīf. inst.sg -yā
    “Bhairavī, the consort of Bhairava” — feminine of Bhairava
  • bhairavam. gen.sg -asya
    “Bhairava” — the ferocious form of Śiva, central deity of Trika
  • itthamadverb
    “thus, in this way”
  • vyajyateverb 3 sg pres. pass. of vi + √añj
    “is manifested, becomes visible”
  • vapusn. nom.sg vapuḥ
    “form, body, shape, beautiful appearance”
The “two voids” are the momentary pauses at the end of exhalation and inhalation — the moments where the breath does not return. Resting attention in these pauses is said to reveal the form of the deity.
VB 26  ·  dhāraṇā 3
na vrajen na viśec chaktir  marudrūpā vikāsite nirvikalpatayā madhye  tayā bhairavarūpatā
The breath-energy (śaktiḥ marud-rūpā) neither goes out (na vrajet) nor enters in (na viśet) when [it rests] expanded (vikāsite). Through thought-free absorption (nirvikalpatayā) in the centre (madhye), by that (tayā), there is the state of being Bhairava (bhairava-rūpatā).
Vocabulary
  • vrajetverb 3 sg opt. para. of √vraj
    “should go, would go out”
  • viśetverb 3 sg opt. para. of √viś
    “should enter, would go in”
  • śaktif. nom.sg -iḥ
    “power, energy, capacity” — here the breath-energy
  • marud-rūpabahuvrīhi adj. fem. -ā
    “having the form of wind / breath” — marut + rūpa
  • vikāsitapp. loc.sg -e (absol.)
    “expanded, blossomed, [when] opened out” — pp of vi + √kas
  • nirvikalpatāf. inst.sg -tayā
    “the state of being free from vikalpa (conceptual thought)” — abstract noun
  • madhyan. loc.sg -e
    “the middle, centre” — here the central pause of the breath
  • tayāpron. fem. inst.sg of tad
    “by that, through that” — referring to the nirvikalpa-state
  • bhairava-rūpatāf. nom.sg -ā
    “the state of having the form of Bhairava” — abstract from bhairava-rūpa
Continues the breath series. Nirvikalpa, “thought-free”, is the technical term for non-conceptual awareness that is the direct goal of the technique.

Full translation of all 112 dhāraṇās with commentary notes is forthcoming.

Text: Vijñānabhairava with Kṣemarāja's Uddyota and Śivopādhyāya's Vivṛti (KSTS 8, 1918) · Translations adapted from Singh 1979, Dyczkowski 2019, Bäumer 2017
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